유엔 集團安全保障體制와 平和維持活動에 관한 國際法的 考察

Abstract

Two ideological camps of the free and the communist world have retrained the 20th century, but the revolution - the unification of East and West German and the Collapse of USSR - which occurred in the end of 80's came out the watershed of the post-cold war era.

The political system in the name of cold war came down. Owing to a new composition times coming, the desire of world peace was the important interest with concrete plans which human begins want.

In the ravages of World War Ⅱ, people experienced many mottos of war, and these mottos was based on the birth of the United Nations as all-out security. But the complete control about the disputes surrounding nation, religion, territory, political power among nation was beyond it's capacity.

The United Nations was founded, in the words of its Charter, "to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war." Meeting this challenge is the most important function of the Organization, and, to a very significant degree, it is the yardstick by which it is judged by the peoples it exists to serve. Over the last decade, the United Nations has repeatedly failed to meet the challenge

it can only create the space in which peace may be built. Moreover, the changes that this paper recommends will have no lasting impact unless Member States summon the political will to support the United Nations politically, financially and operationally to enable the United Nations to be truly credible as a force for peace.

In other words, the key conditions for the success of future complex operations are political support, rapid deployment with a robust force posture and a sound peace-building strategy. Every recommendation in the present report is meant, in one way or another, to help ensure that these three conditions are met. The need for change has been rendered even more urgent by recent events in Sierra Leone and by the daunting prospect of expanded United Nations operations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

These changes - while essential - will have no lasting impact unless the Member States of the Organization take seriously their responsibility to train and equip their own forces and to mandate and enable their collective instrument, so that together they may succeed in meeting threats to peace. They must summon the political will to support the United Nations politically, financially and operationally - once they have decided to act as the United Nations - if the Organization is to be credible as a force for peace.

In the paper, the author has addressed itself to many compelling needs for change within the United Nations system. The author's views its recommendations as the minimum threshold of change needed to give the United Nations system the opportunity to be an effective, operational, twenty-first century institution.

The Department of Peacekeeping Operations would be substantially reinforced and restructured, while other departments supporting peace operations would also be strengthened. In addition, Establishment of the Executive Committee on Peace and Security Information and Strategic Analysis Secretariat, Strengthening of the Electoral Assistance Division of the Department of Political Affairs and of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to strengthen the ability of the Office to implement tasks.

The Object of this work shall be to make analysis the United Nations, a device in order to solve world peace problems and peace-keeping operations, and this report shall investigate the actual condition of peace-keeping operations with powerful countries as the central figure and consider the Korean counterplans about the participation problem in international peace-keeping operations.

That is, I shall examine into the peace-keeping operations of UN. but in order to construct of new world order, the post-cold war era and composition, the peace-keeping operations of UN must be opened to various fields at the hands of military action in past, and take into account the formation of new world order which we will seek.

I believe that this recommendations fall well within the bounds of what can be reasonably demanded of the Organization's Member States.

Implementing some of them will require additional resources for the Organization, but I do not mean to suggest that the best way to solve the problems of the United Nations is merely to throw additional resources at them. Indeed, no amount of money or resources can substitute for the significant changes that are urgently needed in the culture of the Organization.

While building consensus for the recommendations in the present report, we have also come to a shared vision of a United Nations, extending a strong helping hand to a community, country or region to avert conflict or to end violence.

and it can do no better today. Without significant institutional change, increased financial support, and renewed commitment on the part of Member States, the United Nations will not be capable of executing the critical peacekeeping and peace-building tasks that the Member States assign it in coming months and years. There are many tasks which the United Nations peacekeeping forces should not be asked to undertake, and many places they should not go. But when the United Nations does send its forces to uphold the peace, they must be prepared to confront the lingering forces of war and violence with the ability and determination to defeat them.

For preventive initiatives to succeed in reducing tension and averting conflict, the Secretary-General needs clear, Strong and sustained political support from Member States. Furthermore, as the UN has bitterly and repeatly discovered over the last decade, no amount of good intentions can substitute for the fundamental ability to project credible force if complex peacekeeping, in particular, is to succeed. But force alone cannot create peace.